The motherland http://www.nigeriaworld.com/Geography[Chief Source of Information: CIA World Factbook]Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Benin and CameroonMap references: Africa
* Detailed Map originally from a University of Texas website.
Area
* total area: 923,770 sq km
* land area: 910,770 sq km
* comparative area: slightly more than twice the size of California
Land boundaries: total 4,047 km, Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 kmCoastline: 853 kmMaritime claims
* continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
* exclusive economic zone:200 nm
* territorial sea: 30 nm
International disputes: demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula has been referred to the International Court of JusticeClimate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in northTerrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in northNatural resources: petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, natural gasLand use
* arable land: 31%
* permanent crops: 3%
* meadows and pastures: 23%
* forest and woodland: 15%
* other: 28%
* Irrigated land: 8,650 sq km (1989 est.)
EnvironmentCurrent issues: soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification; recent droughts in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activitiesNatural hazards: periodic droughtsThe People[Source of Information: CIA World Factbook and other websites]Population: 101,232,251 (July 1995 est.)Age structure:
* 0-14 years: 45% (female 22,643,026; male 22,850,322)
* 15-64 years: 52% (female 25,842,286; male 26,978,906)
* 65 years and over: 3% (female 1,438,392; male 1,479,319) (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate: 3.16% (1995 est.)Birth rate: 43.26 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)Death rate: 12.01 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)Net migration rate: 0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)Infant mortality rate: 72.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)Life expectancy at birth:
* total population: 55.98 years
* male: 54.69 years
* female: 57.3 years (1995 est.)
Total fertility rate: 6.31 children born/woman (1995 est.)Nationality:
* noun: Nigerian(s)
* adjective: Nigerian
Ethnic divisions:
* north: Hausa and Fulani
* southwest: Yoruba
* southeast: Ibos; non-Africans 27,000
* note: Hausa and Fulani, Yoruba, and Ibos together make up 65% of population
Religions:
* Muslim 50%
* Christian 40%
* indigenous beliefs 10%
Languages: English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, FulaniLiteracy: age 15 and over can read and write (1982)
* total population: 51%
* male: 62%
* female: 40%
Labor force: 42.844 million by occupation: agriculture 54%, industry, commerce, and services 19%, government 15%
EconomyThe Economy of Nigeria[Source of Information: CIA World Factbook ]OverviewThe oil-rich Nigerian economy continues to be hobbled by political instability and poor macroeconomic management. Nigeria's unpopular military rulers show no sign of wanting to restore democratic civilian rule in the near future and appear divided on how to redress fundamental economic imbalances that cause troublesome inflation and the steady depreciation of the naira. The government's domestic and international arrears continue to limit economic growth -- even in the oil sector - and prevent an agreement with the IMF and bilateral creditors on debt relief. The inefficient (largely subsistence) agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food.
National product:
* GDP purchasing power parity $122.6 billion (1994 est.)
* National product real growth rate: -0.8% (1994 est.)
* National product per capita: $1,250 (1994 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 53% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate: 28% (1992 est.)
Budget:
* revenues: $9 billion
* expenditures: $10.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)
Exports: $11.9 billion (f.o.b., 1992)
* commodities: oil 95%, cocoa, rubber
* partners: US 54%, EC 23%
Imports: $8.3 billion (c.i.f., 1992) commodities: machinery and equipment, manufactured goods, food and animals partners: EC 64%, US 10%, Japan 7%
External debt: $29.5 billion (1992)
Industrial production: growth rate 7.7% (1991); accounts for 43% of GDP, including petroleum
Electricity:
* capacity: 4,570,000 kW
* production: 11.3 billion kWh
* consumption per capita: 109 kWh (1993)
Infrastructure
* Communications
* Transportation
Industries: crude oil and mining -- coal, tin, columbite; primary processing industries - palm oil, peanut, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins; manufacturing industries - textiles, cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing, ceramics, steel
Agriculture: accounts for 35% of GDP and half of labor force; cash crops -- cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, rubber; food crops -- corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forestry resources extensively exploited; see also Foods and Foodstuff in Nigeria
Illicit drugs: passenger and cargo air hub for West Africa; facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for West European, East Asian, and North American markets
Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $705 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.2 billion
Currency: 1 naira (N) = 100 kobo
Exchange rates: naira (N) per US$1 - 21.996 (January 1995), 21.996 (1994), 22.065 (1993), 17.298 (1992), 9.909 (1991), 8.038 (1990)
Fiscal year: calendar year
